Car brands: Who owns what?

A road map to the auto industry partnerships

The auto industry has a very confusing family tree. The past few years have seen partnerships, sales, separations, bankruptcies, and entire divisions killed off, making it difficult to keep up with who owns which car brands.

As automakers slim down to become more profitable and efficient, a number of changes have been made in recent years. We have seen storied names, such as Hummer, Mercury, and Pontiac, fade away into the history books. We have seen others, such as Chrysler, Jaguar, and Volvo, find new international corporate parents. And some, such as Aston Martin, remain in flux.

To help clear up some of the confusion, we present a basic road map to navigate who owns which car brands among the major automotive companies that sell in the United States. Of course, the list is definitely subject to change. To find out how the major brands perform, see our brand report cards.

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BMW owns: Mini and Rolls Royce.

Fiat owns: Alfa Romeo, Chrysler, Dodge, Ferrari, Jeep, Lancia, Maserati, Ram and SRT.

Ford Motor Company owns: Lincoln and a small stake in Mazda.

General Motors owns: Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, and GMC. GM owns a controlling interest in Opel and Vauxhall in Europe and Holden in Australia. (The U.S. Treasury Department is in the process of selling off the remaining GM stock holidngs.)

Honda owns: Acura.

Hyundai owns: Kia.

Tata Motors (India) owns: Jaguar and Land Rover.

Mazda mostly independently owned (Ford has small stake)

Mitsubishi is independently owned.

Daimler AG owns: Mercedes-Benz and Smart.

Nissan owns: Infiniti. (Nissan, in turn, is owned by Renault.)

Saab is owned by National Electric Vehicle Sweden (NEVS).

Subaru: Owned by Fuji Heavy Industries with Toyota a minority partner.

Tesla: Toyota is a minority partner. Partnership with Daimler AG.

Toyota Motor Company owns: Lexus, Scion, Daihatsu and Hino Motors, with a stake in Fuji Industries (Subaru's parent company) and Isuzu.

Volkswagen owns: Audi, Bentley, Bugatti, Lamborghini, Porsche, and overseas-brands SEAT and Skoda.

Volvo is owned by Chinese-automaker Zhejiang Geely Holding Group, aka Geely.

Related:Who makes the best cars?

2013 Car brand perception survey

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TEN FUTURE COLLECTIBLE CARS 2015 - 16

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Our specialty may be exotics, but collectibles are just as important. A few of our salespeople have been here for more than three decades, and they have helped us develop a keen eye for undervalued iron. Here are our ten cars that may become future collectible cars. Everyone has to have at least one story about something on this list, so tell us why you think these will be worth more than their original value in a few years.

Editor’s Note: This information is not meant to be used as advice for financial investments. Consult a financial planning expert prior to making any investment decisions.

2010 Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT-8

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The engineers at Chrysler are a rowdy sort, and as such they decided to stuff their most potent V8 into the Grand Cherokee. The result was an SUV capable of lapping purpose built race cars. A steep retail price kept production numbers very low, and because of that SRT8 Jeeps are poised to trade for much higher prices in the near future

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1987 Porsche 928

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Finding a decent 928 is becoming very hard, and finding a qualified shop to work on it is another task altogether. They have become a hotbed for Chevrolet engine swaps and many have been stripped into track cars. This one looks to be untouched with only 64,000 on the odometer. At this price, who can pass it up?

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1994 Mazda RX-7 R2

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Federal clean air laws and upcoming fuel economy standards will probably be the end of the rotary engine. Their rugged and simple construction was heavily utilized by Mazda and powered their RX series of sports cars for decades. Because rotary engines are easily modified, you can more than double your power with an afternoon’s work. That’s why finding an unmodified RX-7 is almost impossible. You may not win any races in showroom form, but spinning the small mill to 9,000 rpm is a completely rewarding experience. Buy this one before it becomes Fast and/or Furious.

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1974 Toyota Land Cruiser FJ40

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Japan’s answer to the Land Rover Defender, the original Toyota Land Cruiser FJ 40 was a six cylinder go-anywhere 4WD. Because they were used as intended, finding even a decent running one will take some time. While not big on luxury, they are light and nimble, which is an advantage in muddy situations. They were built from 1960 to 2001 and have an aftermarket second only to the Jeep Wrangler. This one has upgraded wheels and tires along with a marine grade surround sound system.

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1996 Chevrolet Corvette

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Corvette’s fifth generation was supposed to hit dealers as early as 1992, but an economic slump and the development of the all-aluminum LS1 engine pushed the C5 back to a 1997 launch. Because the C4 had been in production since early 1983, Chevrolet decided to give it a proper sendoff. The upcoming LS1 engine meant the end of the traditional Chevrolet small block V8, so a larger camshaft and cylinder heads were fitted to make 330 hp and 340 lb-ft of torque. Grand Sports were admiral blue and white, with two hash marks on the front left fender recalling Corvette racers of the past. They were fitted with 11” wide rear wheels from the ZR1 that required fender flares to fit inside the body. Only 810 coupes and 190 convertibles were built, and they rarely change hands.

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2005 Cadillac CTS-V

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Why would you put a Corvette Z06’s engine and transmission into a heavy 4-door sedan? Cadillac said “Why not?” The 405 hp LS6 V8 and six-speed manual transmission were borrowed from the top-level Corvette and offered in CTS-Vs built from 2004 to 2007, with only a few thousand built each year. Only a few color choices and lack of an automatic transmission limited the car’s appeal, but they were a force to be reckoned with on the street.

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1999 BMW M3

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Every time we hear about the BMW E36 platform, it’s related to track days and winning trophies. This chassis makes for the perfect race car, and that’s why their value and collectability are poised to takeoff. This is the first one we have seen in awhile that doesn’t have a roll cage and race slicks; at this price you can’t go wrong.

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1989 Nissan GT-R

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Our federal government’s 25-year import ban was meant to protect our domestic auto makers, but it also hurts the market for late model performance cars. What you see here is among one of the first 1989 Japanese Domestic Market Nissan GT-Rs to be legally imported. This right-hand drive model was tuned to 690 hp in Japan, but had to be detuned to run on pump gas. If you want a GT-R with a real manual transmission, this one is undoubtedly your opportunity.

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1981 Mercedes-Benz 250 GD 4×4 

WagonSure, G-wagens are all the rage on South Beach and Wilshire Blvd, but they are also quite capable off road. This 2-door short wheelbase model features the sought after soft-top with an immaculate interior. Shod in Nitto Trail Grappler tires, this five speed, five cylinder diesel has enough torque to pull the heaviest of toys. A loving owner has upgraded the stereo and headlights, and the leather lumbar seats are a far cry from the army buckets originally offered in 1981. When was the last time you saw one for sale?

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2012 Fisker Karma

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Every year we keep hearing rumors that Fisker is almost ready to resume production. Some said the technology wasn’t perfected, others knocked the unique styling, but the facts speak for themselves. The turbocharged Chevrolet four-cylinder generator is a smooth runner, and offers unlimited range if you don’t have time to charge. Around 1,800 were sold and Hurricane Sandy wiped out an entire shipment on the docks in New Jersey. They stand alone as the most advanced gas-electric hybrid built to date. If you need a fast stylish sedan, good Karma is destined to come your way.

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Upcoming Premium SUVs in India in 2015-16

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While all eyes are on the compact SUV segment, there are car manufacturers who are looking at bringing out products in a more premium segment of the SUVs and though these might not be volume sellers, the SUVs are nonetheless extremely important ones for the companies. While some will be next generation models, there are others which will be all new products for the Indian market and we take a look at what's about to come.

Ford Endeavour

Ford has already announced that the new Endeavour will make its way to India this year and we already told you that the car has already made it to India for R&D. The new Endeavour is based on the Ranger pick-up and has been designed and engineered by Ford Australia. The SUV looks similar to the Everest concept introduced by Ford and will come with a large trapezoidal grille, beefed up wheel arches which make it look muscular. Changes up front include LED daytime-running lights and an aluminium scuff plate.

Ford has been testing the 2.2-litre (148 bhp) and 3.2-litre(197bhp) mills for India and the Endeavour will see these under its bonnet instead of the 2.5-litre and 3.0-litre diesel engine that the predecessor had. We expect the Endeavour to come with a seven seat configuration and also with Ford's SYNC2 multimedia setup and an 8-inch touchscreen infotainment system.

It will also come with a new terrain management system (TMS) that allows a driver to select among pre-adjust settings (normal, snow/grass, sand and rock) while driving. Each of the aforementioned settings adjust the traction control, engine torque, four-wheel drive system and other things to better the driving performance in any condition. The new Endeavour will be a significant update over the old one and with the styling it has received, should be quite the SUV to look forward to.

Chevrolet Trailblazer

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We've already told you about General Motors bringing the Chevrolet Trailblazer SUV to the Indian market and we've also told you about them testing the car here. In fact we put up some spy shots of the car doing its test runs. The TrailBlazer is a full-fledged SUV that is based on General Motors' Colorado pick-up truck's ladder frame chassis.

The TrailBlazer will take the CKD route to India and will be assembled at the company's Halol plant. The SUV will come powered by a 2.8-litre diesel engine mated to a 6-speed automatic transmission. This engine is good for 180bhp and 470Nm of torque. One must note that the company will also offer the vehicle with a 5-speed manual gearbox.

Also Read: Chevrolet TrailBlazer vs New Ford Endeavour vs 2016 Toyota Fortuner

The list of safety features in this 7-seater SUV will include anti-lock braking system (ABS), electronic brake-force distribution system (EBD), electronic stability control, traction control, hill descent control, engine drag control, and airbags for driver and co-passenger among other provisions.

Toyota Fortuner

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Toyota has ruled the roost when it comes to the premium SUV segment. The Fortuner has been 'the' car to own and it was all thanks to its muscular look and the tall stance. From what we have seen from spy shots of the car, the 2016 Toyota Fortuner gets a slimmer twin slat front grille, while the chrome lends a the car a bolder stance.

Changes in the front include head-lamps that seem sleeker as compared to the current generation of the car and a restyled front bumper, which also houses chrome encased fog-lamps. However, the bulge on the bonnet has been done away with.

We will probably see the car come to India in early 2016 and that is one reason why Ford and Chevrolet will want to bring out their cars before Toyota brings out the Fortuner.

Mitsubishi Pajero Facelift

Yes, Mitsubishi has already brought a facelift to India in November 2014, but there is a new one coming in 2016. The Pajero Sport facelift borrows its styling cues from the GR-HEV utility concept which we've seen at the 2013 Geneva Motor Show. The SUV will see slimmer swept-back headlamps and even the front and rear bumper design will see a big change.

While the current-generation Pajero Sport is powered by a 2.5-litre four-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine, reports doing the rounds suggest that Mitsubishi are looking to bring the 2.4-litre MIVEC turbocharged diesel engine which churns out more than 179bhp and 430Nm of torque. The six-speed automatic and manual transmissions will make their way into the car and we will see it in India soon.

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TOP 10 MOST EXPENSIVE CARS IN THE WORLD 2015 Google

1) 2014 Lamborghini Veneno
$4,000,000

Let the expletives fly, if not for the cool outrageous badass design, then for the price. The Lamborghini Veneno’s styling is about as extreme as you can get outside a Hot Wheels factory, or a boyhood fantasy. But add in the Lamborghini Veneno’s $4,000,000 price tag (not to mention a production run of just three cars), and any childhood-like excitement turns slowly into sobering reality: you will, unfortunately, never get to drive this car.

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2) 2013 Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Grand Sport Vitesse
$2,250,000

In a game of one upmanship, the Bugatti Veyron 16.4 has kept its price—and top speed—at the top through numerous derivatives. The Grand Sport Vitesse is the last of the batch, offering all the power of the record-breaking Super Sport in the open-top Grand Sport. If its two-and-a-quarter-million price tag doesn’t scare you, its 1,200 horsepower and 255-mile-per-hour top speed will.

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3) 2014 Ferrari LaFerrari
$1,700,000

You balked at the Prius in 1997. You snickered at the Tesla in 2008. Now, you’re clamoring for not just a Ferrari but the Ferrari with battery power. The first Ferrari with hybrid technology just happens to be the most provocative — and the most expensive. From its 949-horsepowr, HYbrid Kinetic Energy Recovery System (HY-KERS)-juiced power plant to a 1.3-million-euro asking price, the LaFerrari, along with two other cars 
on this list, will make you rethink how you feel about electric motors, and you’re current profession.

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4) 2013 Koenigsegg Agera R
$1,700,000

Using the higher octane and cooling abilities of E85 biofuel to create 1,140 horsepower, theKoenigsegg Agera R is another supercar that proves that environmentally pleasing technologies can benefit gearheads. It will cost you around $200,000 more for the R. No word on how much for the 2014 Agera S.  

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5) 2013 Pagani Huayra
$1,500,000

The 719-horsepower Pagani Huayra actually went up $200,000 for the new year,
securing its spot as one of the world’s most expensive cars.

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6) 2014 McLaren P1
$1,150,000

A million-dollar, carbon-fiber-bodied McLaren has aspirations of becoming the best driver’s car in the world. If it feels as though you are suffering from déjà vu, fear not; it’s not 1993 and the supercar-market bubble isn’t about to burst. It just took us 20 years to catch up to the F1’s astronomical price. Luckily, the P1 takes the reins with an advanced combination of twin-turbo and electric power good for 903 ponies.

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7) 2013 Hennessey Venom GT
$1,000,000

The Hennessey Venom GT may just be the fastest accelerating car in the world, taking home Guinness World Record’s fastest 0–300 km/h record by a production car after hitting 186 miles per hour in just 13.63 seconds. Even at one-million dollars, it sounds like a bargain.

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8) 2014 Porsche 918 Spyder
$845,000

Whether you like to hug tree or curves, the Porsche 918 Spyder has you covered. A 500-horsepower V-8 joins a pair of electric motors for blissful performance even while returning amazing miles to the gallon. Its true test rests, however, in the new crop of supercars using electric motors to enhance performance.

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9) Rolls-Royce Phantom Extended Wheelbase
$470,295

Compared to the other cars on our list, the last two seem downright affordable. That is, until you remember they are still a few options away from half of a million dollars. The Rolls-Royce Phantom EWB takes the already, ahem, pronounced Phantom and stretches it even farther. The result is a massive limousine that’ll eat 20 feet of parking space.

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10) Lamborghini Aventador Roadster
$445,300

Even hefty price tags can’t stop the Lamborghini Aventador Roadster from raking in 15-months’ worth of orders. Blame its voracious V-12 engine, eye-transfixing styling and, now, the fact that shares its components 
with a car costing more than eight times as much. (See the number one car on our list.) That’s one way to make $450,000 feel like a deal. 

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